tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36445663243054602842024-03-05T23:52:13.097-08:00My Biology blogdeathhunterexhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04735210106351412187noreply@blogger.comBlogger10125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3644566324305460284.post-69702236503376047822012-01-25T09:46:00.000-08:002012-01-25T09:46:07.984-08:00Pig Dissection<span id="goog_1327874833"></span><span id="goog_1327874834"></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Dissecting a pig was a pretty interesting experience for me. It reminded me of the rat dissection in grade 11.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I had a lot of fun cutting the pig up. Unfortunately my group does not have the camera necessary to document our dissection, so I’ll be using pictures from another group to show off the insides of the pig. My group and I first cut open the abdominal cavity with our scissor and scalpel. We then rip the membrane and successfully extracted the abdominal organs. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We saw the stomach, intestine, kidneys and pancreases. We even stretched the intestine, it was surprisingly long. We also cut/crack open the cranial and extracted the brain. I think my group was the most nervous group when extracting the brain, because everyone on in the group was screaming when the brain was removed. Overall the dissection was successful, and I had a lot of fun.</span><br />
<br />
<img alt="" aria-busy="true" aria-describedby="fbPhotosSnowboxCaption" class="spotlight" height="320" src="http://a8.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/394096_10150513758477221_808482220_8417730_1388663375_n.jpg" width="240" /><br />
<img alt="" aria-busy="true" aria-describedby="fbPhotosSnowboxCaption" class="spotlight" height="240" src="http://a4.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/395801_10150513759177221_808482220_8417739_334851861_n.jpg" width="320" /><br />
<img alt="" aria-busy="true" aria-describedby="fbPhotosSnowboxCaption" class="spotlight" height="240" src="http://a5.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/396198_10150513760627221_808482220_8417761_385015526_n.jpg" width="320" /><br />
(Thanks Angela, James, Tiange and Jannel's group for the picture)deathhunterexhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04735210106351412187noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3644566324305460284.post-22083637518247362382011-12-04T21:17:00.000-08:002011-12-04T21:17:35.867-08:00The cove questions<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>2. Where is the dolphin slaughter taking place (city and country?)</strong></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Taiji, Japan.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>7. Why are small islands n Caribbean supporting whaling?</strong></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Japan bribes/offer them with financial support.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>12. What toxic substance is found in dolphin meat?</strong></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Mercury.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>15. The main character and his group to pay the fisherman the same price they get from killing the dolphin if they stop. Why do they refuse?</strong></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Because it’s their tradition. Also, because they believe that it is pest control (not sure whether its by their own volition or the government telling them so).</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>19. The deputy of fisheries claims that the dolphins are killed humanly. What does one of the crew members do when he says this?</strong></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The crew member shows the deputy the video that they recorded of the merciless slaughter of the dolphin. Which shocks and silences the deputy.</span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span>deathhunterexhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04735210106351412187noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3644566324305460284.post-7297083626677605602011-12-04T20:50:00.000-08:002011-12-04T20:50:20.986-08:00The jelly fish story<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhNp9y2uq_hh3VaHzkcZ0mTNGpdOnDo0XJXb4lafDXtbuGdA_0z9o9CUsKQVi8vPt0eMxtOXHn_eU8ALPkCwgESNlqcR5ikQyn8nWJloCc4t9I8bxNAX8GB4iY1rVoJNSFCwiIbmlRiTU/s1600/CIMG5902.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img border="0" dda="true" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhNp9y2uq_hh3VaHzkcZ0mTNGpdOnDo0XJXb4lafDXtbuGdA_0z9o9CUsKQVi8vPt0eMxtOXHn_eU8ALPkCwgESNlqcR5ikQyn8nWJloCc4t9I8bxNAX8GB4iY1rVoJNSFCwiIbmlRiTU/s320/CIMG5902.JPG" width="320" /></span></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUqzRNXRGw9bg-kvTjGbSz8fIIYmaBxmfM98Pzxedk9h3taNRTg8VSsY6i4tCCWETNMNLENl7492CJg5vV6JZHi8IApDlje0yv04ag_4e-ecwUDD-2Jvd5rmxkD4dSWrPN8xN5Y1QaDq8/s1600/CIMG5933.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img border="0" dda="true" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUqzRNXRGw9bg-kvTjGbSz8fIIYmaBxmfM98Pzxedk9h3taNRTg8VSsY6i4tCCWETNMNLENl7492CJg5vV6JZHi8IApDlje0yv04ag_4e-ecwUDD-2Jvd5rmxkD4dSWrPN8xN5Y1QaDq8/s320/CIMG5933.JPG" width="320" /></span></a></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjx1_JXLLNGRmkjC4tHHnaJeb00UP4-HJpFZ_Teu_MlxtDSrIxcrmaCQFJuqO3cZut24YkM8nLNYtA7pw2QzM7AOqKRBL28ursgObUn65Ilcw4a7HCax51At_kEarnVganfOsRcyH2jcmU/s1600/CIMG5972.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img border="0" dda="true" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjx1_JXLLNGRmkjC4tHHnaJeb00UP4-HJpFZ_Teu_MlxtDSrIxcrmaCQFJuqO3cZut24YkM8nLNYtA7pw2QzM7AOqKRBL28ursgObUn65Ilcw4a7HCax51At_kEarnVganfOsRcyH2jcmU/s320/CIMG5972.JPG" width="320" /></span></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A few weeks ago I went on a fieldtrip to the ROM with my biology class.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>It was a fun trip. I got to see many interesting creatures. We even attended a lecture where the two Gairdner award winners - Adrian Bird and Robert black - both presented their work. That presentation was in the morning, and after lunch the class went to the ROM (royal Ontario museum). The rom itself was very interesting there were many animals on display. We even saw dinosaur bones. During the visite, we got divided into two groups. Mine group had the male tour guide. He told us many interesting story. The story that made me LOL the most was the jellyfish story.</span></div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgsOCUk_QYH0EixLko2MnSvZiHGbGQj5qEE63xhOUUNNSrU3k1_xkvznNHDbUfGvEdfkYFI6BpHq2Fu8AY36-DgtbsItDsNo1VuIi8tr1GUjgi6uLzkaESYF9v_OiohfrigexSE_zgxqA/s1600/CIMG5866.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img border="0" dda="true" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgsOCUk_QYH0EixLko2MnSvZiHGbGQj5qEE63xhOUUNNSrU3k1_xkvznNHDbUfGvEdfkYFI6BpHq2Fu8AY36-DgtbsItDsNo1VuIi8tr1GUjgi6uLzkaESYF9v_OiohfrigexSE_zgxqA/s320/CIMG5866.JPG" width="320" /></span></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkvR8fK794sA5HCSHr81TtfYGBrZs7zRdJFQJr7klyxpoY5ZXEV6XVM34AbBk9bmCkgnOxUEhhUOkRlI4EX2-JCT6qiOGpxzQ4BpEEdzveAAeCAKgoyv8t86xhPzP26E_wIdsvZuqn7wY/s1600/CIMG5859.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img border="0" dda="true" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkvR8fK794sA5HCSHr81TtfYGBrZs7zRdJFQJr7klyxpoY5ZXEV6XVM34AbBk9bmCkgnOxUEhhUOkRlI4EX2-JCT6qiOGpxzQ4BpEEdzveAAeCAKgoyv8t86xhPzP26E_wIdsvZuqn7wY/s320/CIMG5859.JPG" width="320" /></span></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdntAYqcC93kUkHDobthsILBQkOiYrkrmBbZgOlFm5NOUnVA10WrfZjKbvdo4oerX7KmFl7tIK-nw2Y9MpE4AxJZBwaKU5zBtbpGtvRlj0byRPrOY2KnteVNrdB9hywdpfVg-7xAS80MA/s1600/CIMG5946.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img border="0" dda="true" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdntAYqcC93kUkHDobthsILBQkOiYrkrmBbZgOlFm5NOUnVA10WrfZjKbvdo4oerX7KmFl7tIK-nw2Y9MpE4AxJZBwaKU5zBtbpGtvRlj0byRPrOY2KnteVNrdB9hywdpfVg-7xAS80MA/s320/CIMG5946.JPG" width="320" /></span></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Jelly fish are taking over the sea. That’s the basis of the jelly fish story. Due to climate change the temperature of the water is increasing. The warmer sea provides a better environment for the jellyfish to reproduce. The huge jellyfish number causes many problems in the marine ecosystem. The jelly fish feeds on many small organisms in the sea. This decreases food available for some of the larger predator in the sea such as the whale and shark. Also, the increase number of jelly fish is killing off the fish that we eat. This is hurting the fish industries. Thinking they’re smart fisheries decide to do something about the jellyfish. This is where the funny part occurs. In japan the fishers decided to kill the giant jellyfish that inhabits the sea by cutting them up with wires. However they did not realize that the giant jellyfish drops its eggs when it’s in distress. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When the fishers started killing the giant jellyfish, more eggs dropped on to the sea bed. In addition, with most of the fishes dead due to the jellyfish invasion, no fish are available to eat the eggs. As a result, the jellyfish number increased instead of decreased.</span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span>deathhunterexhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04735210106351412187noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3644566324305460284.post-42679872544655149422011-11-20T16:11:00.000-08:002011-11-20T16:11:24.478-08:00Sharkwater response<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">In the past I had watched something similar to the movie “sharkwater”, it is called “Gordon Ramsay: Shark Bait”. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gordon Ramsay goes on a similar journey like Rob Stewart did to find out the secret behind the shark hunting industries. Both of these documentaries shocked me but considering human nature’s aptitude for destruction it did not surprise me. Frankly, I believe that this sort of fishing is disgusting and should be banned. I am one of those Chinese- Canadian that don’t feel shark fin soup is part of the culture. I have personally never had shark fin soup and I probably never will. </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/4SAkq6lsnoE?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">I can understand why there are complaints filed against the Toronto’s shark fin ban because it takes away a tradition. However, when the said tradition involves the merciless killing of an endangered animal and the destruction of an ecosystem I don’t think that’s acceptable anymore. Another reason why people might complain is because by banning shark fin, you’re removing a very large industry that produces a lot of profit. However I don’t think that’s a valid reason because the profit only benefits the people involved in the industry. Also, the shark fin industry is already delving into the illegal territory so it’s not bad to ban the shark fin soup. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span>deathhunterexhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04735210106351412187noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3644566324305460284.post-27741863932979677852011-11-08T18:53:00.000-08:002011-11-08T18:53:06.819-08:00Cellular Respiration Activity – Clothespins and Muscle Fatigue<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Purpose</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">: to explore the relationship between cellular respiration and muscle fatigue</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Material</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">: clothespin, timer or clock</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Procedure</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">:</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1.</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA;">Hold a clothespin in the thumb and index finger of you dominant hand.</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2.</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA;">Count the number of times you can open and close the clothespin in a 20 second period while holding the other fingers of the hand straight out. Make sure to squeeze quickly and completely to get the max number of squeezes for each trial.</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3.</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA;">Repeat this process for 6 more 20 second periods, recording the result for each trail in a suitable table. Try not to rest you fingers between the trials.</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">4.</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA;">Repeat this procedure for the non-dominant hand.</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">5.</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA;">Prepare a suitable graph.</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Experiment: </span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></span></div><br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-collapse: collapse; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"><tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;"><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Trials\hands</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Right (dominant)</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Left (non-dominant)</span></span></div></td></tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">105</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">87</span></span></div></td></tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;"><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">99</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">92</span></span></div></td></tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;"><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">92</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">89</span></span></div></td></tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;"><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">4</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">80</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">89</span></span></div></td></tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;"><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">5</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">79</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">96</span></span></div></td></tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;"><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">6</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">73</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">92</span></span></div></td></tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">7</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">102</span></span></div></td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: #ece9d8; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; border-top: #ece9d8; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">90</span></span></div></td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7HxkMyf0D-le3y6k0Q6Y_YrDovVJnH56-yXCcXTEZwQu3sd-DU8HGvV_oChSkcvQw8y7Pfug0VtUwOhe8gY0XxF-7o1WppIbgQjWMRvdN99VayrPbJMisxQQ9eJCcLoDZ5w_c7Um19G8/s1600/temp.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="347" ida="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7HxkMyf0D-le3y6k0Q6Y_YrDovVJnH56-yXCcXTEZwQu3sd-DU8HGvV_oChSkcvQw8y7Pfug0VtUwOhe8gY0XxF-7o1WppIbgQjWMRvdN99VayrPbJMisxQQ9eJCcLoDZ5w_c7Um19G8/s640/temp.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-CA; mso-no-proof: yes;"><shapetype coordsize="21600,21600" filled="f" id="_x0000_t75" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f"><stroke joinstyle="miter"></stroke><formulas><f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></f><f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></f><f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></f><f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></f><f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></f></formulas><path gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect" o:extrusionok="f"></path><lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></lock></shapetype></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Analysis:</b> </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1.</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">What happened to your strength as you progressed through each trial?</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">My strength decreased as I progressed through each trial. However during the activity I allowed my hand to rest for a bit which allowed me to gain back some strength.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2.</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Describe how your hand and finger felt during the need of your trials.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">My hands felt stiff and tired.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3.</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">What factors might cause you to get more squeezes (to have less fatigue)?</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Factors are focusing my mind on other things, consuming things that may give me energy and the amount of rest I had previously</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">4.</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Were your results different for the dominant and the non –dominant hand? Explain why they would be different.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Yes, they are different. This is because we tend to use the dominant hand more than the non-dominant hand. As result, the dominant hand is more adjusted to performing labour.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">5.</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Your muscles would probably recover after 10 minutes of rest to operate at the original squeeze rate. Explain why.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The reason we feel the fatigue is due to the build-up of lactic acid. Thus is we rest 10minute. We allow to lactic acid to be removed. </span></div>deathhunterexhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04735210106351412187noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3644566324305460284.post-63761707089689905652011-10-20T19:07:00.001-07:002011-10-20T19:22:13.207-07:0020 points from section 1.3 to 1.4<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Energy </strong>is the ability to do work. <strong>Work</strong> is the transfer of energy from one body to another. <strong>Metabolism</strong> is the sum of all anabolic and catabolic process in a cell or organism</span><br />
<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
</div></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>First law of thermodynamic</strong> – the total amount of energy in the universe is constant. Energy cannot be created or destroyed but only converted from one form into another.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/imgheat/firlaw2.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="139" rda="true" src="http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/imgheat/firlaw2.gif" width="320" /></a></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
</div></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Kinetic energy</strong> is the energy possessed by moving object. <strong>Potential energy</strong> is the energy stored by virtue of an object’s position within an attractive or repulsive force field. </span></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
</div></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">4.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Bond energy</strong> is the minimum energy required to break one mole of bond between two species of atom. </span></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
</div></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">5.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">To show the change in potential energy that take place during a chemical reaction one would need a <strong>potential energy diagram</strong>.</span></div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.saskschools.ca/curr_content/chem30_05/graphics/2_graphics/endo.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="195" rda="true" src="http://www.saskschools.ca/curr_content/chem30_05/graphics/2_graphics/endo.gif" width="320" /></a><a href="http://www.saskschools.ca/curr_content/chem30_05/graphics/2_graphics/exo.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="202" rda="true" src="http://www.saskschools.ca/curr_content/chem30_05/graphics/2_graphics/exo.gif" width="320" /></a></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
</div></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">6.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Activation energy </strong>is the difference between the potential energy level of the transition state and the potential energy of reacting molecules.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">7.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Transition state</strong> in a chemical reaction is a temporary condition in which bonds within reactants are breaking and the bonds between products are forming. </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">8.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Exothermic reaction</strong> results in a net amount of energy released, while <strong>endothermic reaction</strong> results in a net amount of energy absorbed. An example of exothermic reaction is combustion.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">9.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Entropy </strong>is a measure of the randomness or disorder in energy or in a collection of object.</span><br />
<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
</div></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">10.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Exothermic reactions that increase in entropy occur spontaneously at all temperature. If it decreases in entropy, the reaction only occurs spontaneously at low temperature. Endothermic reaction that increases entropy only occurs spontaneously in high temperature and if it doesn’t increase entropy it will only occur with a net input of energy.</span></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
</div></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/5KIhDVLbMeY?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">11.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Free energy</strong> is energy that can do useful work.</span></div></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">12.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>The second law of thermodynamics</strong> – the entropy of the universe increases with any change that occurs.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">13.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Exergonic reaction</strong> is a chemical reaction in which the energy of the product is less than the energy if the reactant. This is related to exothermic reaction. <strong>Endergonic reaction</strong> is a chemical reaction in which the energy of the product is more that the energy of the reactant. This is related to Endothermic reaction</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">14.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Metabolic reactions are reversible. When reversible reaction reaches equilibrium they become a dead cell.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://biology.clc.uc.edu/graphics/bio104/atp.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" rda="true" src="http://biology.clc.uc.edu/graphics/bio104/atp.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">15.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>ATP (adenosine triphosphate</strong>) is the primary source of free energy in living cell.</span></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
</div></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">16.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Redox reaction</strong> is a chemical reaction involving <strong>oxidation </strong>(atom loses one or more electron) and <strong>reduction</strong> (gaining one or more electron). The substance that loses an electron is called reducing agent while the substance that gains an electron is called an oxidizing agent.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">17.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Enzymes are used to catalyze a reaction. <strong>Substrates</strong> are the reactant that an enzyme acts on when it catalyzes chemical reaction.<strong> Active site</strong> is the location where the substrate binds to an enzyme. The interaction between the substrate and the amino acids causes the protein to change its shape. This is known as the <strong>induced-fit model</strong>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">18.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Enzyme requires <strong>cofactor</strong> or <strong>coenzymes</strong> to work properly.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">19.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Enzyme inhibitors</strong> are used to control enzyme activity. Enzyme activities can also be controlled by <strong>allosteric regulation</strong>. <strong>Feedback inhibition</strong> is a method of metabolic control in which product formed later in a sequence of reaction allosterically inhibits an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction occurring earlier in the process.</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/PILzvT3spCQ?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">20.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">There are many commercial and industrial use of enzyme such as using proteases to coagulate milk for the manufacture of cheese.</span></div>deathhunterexhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04735210106351412187noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3644566324305460284.post-59272874588705344272011-10-18T22:28:00.000-07:002011-10-18T22:29:33.788-07:00Things to know for biotech quiz<div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>REs</strong></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/R/RestrictionEnzymes.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" rda="true" src="http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/R/RestrictionEnzymes.gif" width="274" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-used to cut DNA fragment from a sequence. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-Sticky and blunt are the two type of cuts that REs can cut.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>Vector Cloning</strong></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.web-books.com/MoBio/Free/images/Ch9A7.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" rda="true" src="http://www.web-books.com/MoBio/Free/images/Ch9A7.gif" width="248" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-target gene is inserted into a recombinant DNA and reinserted back into the bacterium where transformation occurs.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>PCR</strong></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://users.ugent.be/~avierstr/principles/pcrcopies.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="163" rda="true" src="http://users.ugent.be/~avierstr/principles/pcrcopies.gif" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-Taq polymerase is used because of its ability to survive in heat.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-target sequence is obtained at the 3<sup>rd</sup> cycle</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>Gel electrophoresis</strong></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/staff/dave/roanoke/fig5_33.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="217" rda="true" src="http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/staff/dave/roanoke/fig5_33.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-used to locate desired gene base on DNA fragment size.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-DNA is negatively charged and the larger fragment stays on the top while the smaller fragment travels further.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>RFLP</strong></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/genome/probe/IMG/RFLP.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="180" rda="true" src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/genome/probe/IMG/RFLP.gif" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-used to detect certain differences in DNA sequence.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>DNA sequencing</strong></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://dna-rna.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/dna-sequencing-uses2.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" rda="true" src="http://dna-rna.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/dna-sequencing-uses2.gif" width="266" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-adds 0.01% of ddNTP to create fragment of different length.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-used to determine the DNA sequence.</span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span>deathhunterexhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04735210106351412187noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3644566324305460284.post-3929113593854611752011-10-12T19:32:00.000-07:002011-10-12T19:34:56.893-07:00Comparing PCR<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">PCR vs Vector cloning</span></span></strong></div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.foodsafetywatch.com/public/images/1050a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" oda="true" src="http://www.foodsafetywatch.com/public/images/1050a.jpg" width="232" /></a>VS </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://home.inje.ac.kr/~molgen/lecture/graduate%20lecture/methods/Vector%20description%20&%20restriction%20maps%20pBluescript%20II%20SK(+--),%20KS(+--)_files/mappblueminus.gif" imageanchor="1" style="cssfloat: right; height: 243px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; width: 339px;"><img border="0" height="238" oda="true" src="http://home.inje.ac.kr/~molgen/lecture/graduate%20lecture/methods/Vector%20description%20&%20restriction%20maps%20pBluescript%20II%20SK(+--),%20KS(+--)_files/mappblueminus.gif" width="320" /></a></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><u>Similarity </u>– Both uses gel electrophoresis to locate the desired gene. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">They both are used to create huge quantities of DNA.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><u>Difference </u>–Vector cloning uses plasmid, bacteria, ands REs. PCR uses Taq polymerase, dNTP, ddNTP. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Vector cloning involves multiple steps and is not as quick as PCR.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">PCR creates lot of DNA sequence, while Vector cloning creates modified bacteria containing the genes to create the desired proteins.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">PCR<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>vs DNA sequence</span></span></strong></div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://dna-sequencing-service.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/dna-sequencing-image3.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" oda="true" src="http://dna-sequencing-service.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/dna-sequencing-image3.gif" width="266" /></a></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;">VS </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/PCR_tubes.png/300px-PCR_tubes.png" imageanchor="1" style="cssfloat: right; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" oda="true" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/PCR_tubes.png/300px-PCR_tubes.png" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><u>Similarity</u> – both uses gel electrophoresis to identify the fragments. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Both uses dNTP to create large quantity of DNA sequence.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Both uses heating and cooling.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><u>Difference</u> – PCR tries to create a lot of the target sequence. DNA sequence tries to determine the sequence of ATGC.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">DNA sequence uses small amount of ddNTP to create DNA fragment of different length, While PCR only uses dNTP to create complete fragment.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span>deathhunterexhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04735210106351412187noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3644566324305460284.post-3862116516514350952011-10-02T13:09:00.000-07:002011-10-02T13:23:48.119-07:0010 things to remember<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1. </span></span>Frederick Griffith discovers DNA contains the genetic information through his experiment with the phenomenon he dubbed as ‘Transformation’.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://filebox.vt.edu/users/mahogan2/Filebox%20Portfolio/Webquest%20for%20DNA_files/image002.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="164" kca="true" src="https://filebox.vt.edu/users/mahogan2/Filebox%20Portfolio/Webquest%20for%20DNA_files/image002.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2. </span></span>Watson and crick discovered the DNA structure – the double helix- with the help of Rosalind’s x-ray of DNA.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtYjOzhxCWtz8i-ZQbUCXOr00GNjAfL0Tep2Fzj9VHJRvP6ZxIMvmRHGlntoOZNWLnuoBJAspG3lgZYz3wYlLBCHod7NxqSl3wnqQ0-brbi6J-_xZEbKgbH4qmzXyLINIUrCA1eYqpzRw/s1600/DNA.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="216" kca="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtYjOzhxCWtz8i-ZQbUCXOr00GNjAfL0Tep2Fzj9VHJRvP6ZxIMvmRHGlntoOZNWLnuoBJAspG3lgZYz3wYlLBCHod7NxqSl3wnqQ0-brbi6J-_xZEbKgbH4qmzXyLINIUrCA1eYqpzRw/s320/DNA.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://cmgm.stanford.edu/biochem/biochem201/Slides/DNA%20Structure/015%20A+B%20DNA%20X-Ray%20Diffract.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="176" kca="true" src="http://cmgm.stanford.edu/biochem/biochem201/Slides/DNA%20Structure/015%20A+B%20DNA%20X-Ray%20Diffract.JPG" width="320" /></span></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3. </span></span>Nucleotide are made of phosphate (negatively charged), Sugar (DNA lack one oxygen), and Nitrogenous base. Nucleoside doesn’t have phosphate.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/biol115/Wyatt/Biochem/Protein/nucleotide3_big.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="256" kca="true" src="http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/biol115/Wyatt/Biochem/Protein/nucleotide3_big.gif" width="320" /></span></a></div><div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4. </span></span>A%=T%, G%=C%. A and G are purines. T and C are pyrimidine. </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.wormman.net/outbreak/classnotes/bases.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="226" kca="true" src="http://www.wormman.net/outbreak/classnotes/bases.JPG" width="320" /></span></a></div><div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5. </span></span>All new strand of RNA or DNA are made from 5’ --> 3’.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/y4hKibS2fAo?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6. </span></span>Transcription beings from the 5’ TATA 3’ box and ends with the AAUAA sequence on the RNA.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/ztPkv7wc3yU?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7. </span></span>RNA mod #1: 5’ G cap + 3’ poly a tail protects the mRNA.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://bioap.wikispaces.com/file/view/5'_cap_and_Poly-A_Tail.png/210007990/5'_cap_and_Poly-A_Tail.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="110" kca="true" src="http://bioap.wikispaces.com/file/view/5'_cap_and_Poly-A_Tail.png/210007990/5'_cap_and_Poly-A_Tail.png" width="320" /></span></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8. </span></span>RNA mod #2: RNA splicing cuts out the intron with spliceosome to make sure there’s no mutation.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/qmBtqppU6jY?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9. </span></span>Translation beings with 5’ AUG 3’, reads codons and ends with UAA, UAG, UGA.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/JJpDE8gVcDE?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10. </span></span>Enzymes are very important. </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt;"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt;"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-Polymerase I: Proof reads the new DNA strand and replaces RNA with DNA nucleotide. (DNA replication)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-Polymerase II: Binds to TFs, untwist the double helix, reads the template strand and grabs RNA nucleotides to form pre mRNA. (Transcription)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-Polymerase III: elongate the new DNA strand by grabbing DNA nucleotides. (DNA replication)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-Primase: Makes primer to initiate elongation. (DNA replication) </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-Ligase: joins gaps between Okazaki fragments. (DNA replication)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-TFs: binds to the promoter region at the initiation. (Transcription)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-Helicase: untwist DNA and splits DNA into single strand. (DNA replication) </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-SSBP: stabilise single strand DNA. (DNA replication)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-Gyrase: release tension made by Helicase by splitting the DNA. (DNA replication)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-Spliceosone: cuts the introns out of the mRNA. (Transcription)</span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span></div></div></div>deathhunterexhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04735210106351412187noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3644566324305460284.post-47527755637098260712011-10-02T09:18:00.000-07:002011-10-02T09:21:19.558-07:00Reflection: Deaf by design<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana", "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">Deaf by design is a very interesting article about deaf parents and their quest for a deaf baby. The deaf community being closely knit keeps them quite isolated from the outside world. They often reply on one another for support. And out of fear of not knowing how to raise their child to be a ‘hearing’, or having a negative opinion of the ‘hearing’ society. Those thoughts would lead them to make the decision of having a deaf child. Some deaf parents would even abort a healthy baby just to have a deaf one.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana", "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">Through this study, it addresses the issue of should we be selecting for traits. My subjective view on this topic is quite hypocritical because I believe that it is okay to allow people to select for traits as long as the trait being selected is socially considered ‘good’. For example, I believe it is okay to abort baby with deaf hearing but you cannot abort baby if they are perfectly healthy. The reason for this is because I believe being deaf is a disability. Being deaf removes one’s ability to hear clearly and being able to hear doesn’t prevent one from learning things deaf people learn.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also, I believe sign language is just another language that becomes an advantage for one to have just as any other language. Objectively I understand that we have to be fair. So if someone can abort because of a ‘bad’ trait we should be able to abort because of a ‘good’ trait especially when ‘bad’ and ‘good’ are such loose words. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana", "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">Another problem that arises from this is what is considered good and what is considered bad. Suppose we decide to put regulation on this issue. Drawing the line between what is acceptable for abortion and what isn’t is quite difficult. I cannot say where the line should be draw because of my limited knowledge in the field; however I do believe that there should be a line.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana", "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">My final opinion on this topic is that we should have minimum regulation on this issue. The regulation should be enough to prevent everyone from selecting for traits. This should be done to prevent the lost of genetic variation amongst the population. Genetic variation is very important to the survival of our species.</span></div>deathhunterexhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04735210106351412187noreply@blogger.com0